Columbia University School of Law in the City of New York; J.D. 1971.  Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar, Second and Third Years (awarded for academic excellence). Interim Articles Editor, Columbia Journal of Transnational Law.

University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, B.A. in political science with honors 1968. 

Pepperdine University Caruso School of Law, Straus Institute for Dispute Resolution, “Mediating the Litigated Case” Certificate in Dispute Resolution, 2021.